Mechatronics What It Takes to Become an Expert - 1095 Words

The term Mechatronics is a word originally created by Tetsuo Mori while he was employed by the Yaskawa Electric Corporation; the term was quickly trademarked by his employing company and became a word to describe Mechanical-Electronic components engineering. There is no specific, agreed upon definition of the word Mechatronics; people outside the field narrowly see Mechatronics as the mechanical and electronic works when combined in any field of engineering. Though, speaking to engineers in the field of Mechatronics you will find that it involves the mechanical, electrical and most importantly, the use of a computer to govern different elements (1). There is no standard degree for Mechatronics, though some universities offer robotic oriented minors and skill-sets, such as The University of Central Florida’s â€Å"Intelligent Robotic Systems† (IRS) interdisciplinary minor (2). Finding a complete degree of Mechatronics (not simply Mechatronic Technology) is very hard to d o as students would need to cover many different fields of study; most students of Mechatronics cover a Bachelors degree in Mechanical Systems, Electrical Systems or Computer Systems Engineering, and continue with a Masters Degree in Mechatronics, such as the degree offered by the University of California. (6) Systems engineering requires a bachelor’s degree, as it builds on an engineering discipline and relates ways to improve or refine the interconnection of systems to a larger cohesive picture. Besides aShow MoreRelatedBmw, The German Automobile, Motorcycle, And Engine Manufacturing Company4735 Words   |  19 PagesUnion (â€Å"History of BMW†, 2015). It also launched a better version of the previous motorcycle called the R32 which was showcased at the German Motor Show in Berlin (â€Å"History of BMW†, 2015). After BMW’s revelation of the R32 to the public consumers and experts were amazed. In 1925 its predecessor the R37 model came out which was twice the power of the R32 (â€Å"BMW History†, 2012). This great innovation earned them a 5 year streak in the German Championships 500 ccm category between 1924 and 1929 (â€Å"BMW History†Read MoreDevelopment Of Vehicles And Its Impact On The Human Civilization1647 Words   |  7 Pagesbefore and the future vehicles will play a major role in the future technology revolution. In the essay, we will introduce the history of cars firstly; secondly, current technology used in the vehicles will be illustrated; the third part will clarify what the future vehicle will be like. 2 Development of vehicles 2.1 Historical background Vehicles and other modern advanced sophisticated tools are not invented by some people who are sitting there, at the beginning of the invention of the car also isRead MoreAircraft Take Off and Landing Using Fuzzy Logics9736 Words   |  39 Pageswhich is being presented in the project entitled â€Å"AIRCRAFT TAKE-OFF AND LANDING CONTROL SYSTEM USING FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER’’ in the partial fulfilment of requirements for the Award of degree of M.Tech (Electronics and Communication Engineering) submitted in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering at GURU NANAK DEV ENGINEERING COLLEGE, LUDHIANA under PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERESITY, JALANDHAR is my work done to study aircraft take-off and landing performance of aircraft and design a controlRead More THE IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN IMPROVING STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES65118 Words   |  261 Pagessupport and assistance of many individuals. First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervi sor, Mr. Stewart Martin, who was always ready and eager to help me at each step of the way, and whose feedback and suggestions helped ensure that this would become a quality piece of scholarly work. Mr. Martin’s critically analytical questioning has been invaluable in helping me clarify ideas and his thoughtfulness and scholarly insights have contributed to my thinking and writing. I will remain forever gratefulRead MoreQuality Improvement328284 Words   |  1314 Pagesmaterial for self-study. Chapter Organization and Topical Coverage The book contains five parts. Part I is introductory. The first chapter is an introduction to the philosophy and basic concepts of quality improvement. It notes that quality has become a major business strategy and that organizations that successfully improve quality can increase their productivity, enhance their market penetration, and achieve greater profitability and a strong competitive advantage. Some of the managerial and

Emmanuel Kants Ethics Essay - 496 Words

As we discussed in class on Monday night, Kant’s main argument in the first section was dedicated to developing his belief that a rational beings have the capacity to reason and through this reason comes a beings ability to know what is right or wrong. Also, Kant revealed that a beings also have an inherent desire to keep themselves save physically and strive for happiness. Yet, these desires or needs can be fulfilled with pure instinct and that reason does not need to be used in order to reach those goals. More specifically Kant says, â€Å"The highest purposes of each individual are presumably self-preservation and the attainment of happiness.† â€Å"The fact that reason serves purposes that are higher than individual survival and private†¦show more content†¦Then, the second part of the first section outlines Kant’s views on actions as it relates to his concept of Duty. Duty to Kant is the specific obligation of a good will. He argues that there are four actions. Starting with, acting contrary to duty which is seen as immoral. Second, acting according to duty with the purpose of fulfilling an immediate inclination and acting according to duty with the purposes of fulfilling a secondary inclination, which are both seen as not purely moral. Then there is acting according to duty contrary to all inclinations which is the only truly moral act. Kant’s moral law is based on this idea of non-contradiction, in order for an act to be good it must be good in itself. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;â€Å"The one thing in the world that is unambiguously good is the good will.† The good will is intrinsically good to Kant whether the results of the actions bring a positive outcome. This means for example attempting to save someone’s life for the pure feeling of duty to this person with no intrinsic goal for you or to use that person as a means. Now even if the person should unfortunately die due to natures plan and you did all you could then the result is negative in the person is now dead but you still preformed a good will. The ultimate moral standard is good will. Another example would be one given by Kant, â€Å"A philanthropic act is done by a person who has no trueShow MoreRelatedKant s Categorical Imperative Of The Modern Era826 Words   |  4 PagesEmmanuel Kant was an influential philosopher and strong proponent of the modern era. Besides his large contribution to epistemology and metaphysics, his work in ethics was just as substan tial. Kant’s ethics came to propose an objective morality, where moral judgments is not only true according to a person s subjective view. He believed the moral worth of an action is not determined by its consequence but the motive behind it. 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Corporate Leverage Strategy in Emerging Market

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Leverage Strategy in Emerging Market. Answer: Introduction The statistics of 2015 reflects that Australia has experienced a high-profile release in the smartphone division with the growing preferences of the customers. In the background of the similar statement, KarpaviÄ ius (2014) asserted that the sales in the mobile retail volume are expected to stagnate over the course of the forecasted period. The reports of the previous scholar's display that the mobile division of the Australian market is expected to increase by 10% (Min, 2015). The study attempts to evaluate the strategic financial activities of Telstra. The annual report of Telstra, 2015 signifies that the brand continues to perform strongly in the Australian market (www.telstra.com.au, 2016). The existing report displays that the increasing revenue helped the Telstra to increase the dividend up to $ 4.7 billion. Accounting analysis Financial statements of Telstra are prepared by the Australian Corporations Act 2001. Telstra follows various authoritative pronouncements made by the Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) (Min, 2015). For example, depreciations and amortisations on the assets of the business are computed and accounted for by AASB 116 Property, Plant and Equipment and AASB 138: Intangible Assets respectively. Annual Report of the organisation shows that the financial statements comply with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) (Chibuzor, 2016). The currency used in the preparation of financial statements is Australian dollars. Few non-Australian controlled entities prepare their accounts in the other currency. These are subsequently converted into Australian dollars for the purpose of consolidation. Erutku (2014) stated that the effect of all intragroup transactions and balances are eliminated in full from the consolidated financial statements of the organisation. A Financial statement is prepared on the historical cost basis. Few financial instruments are recorded at fair value. Assets held for sale are measured at fair value less cost to sell. Financial analysis A thorough study of the Annual Report of the organisation reveals the financial performance of Telstra. It is noted that the revenue has increased approximately 3% between the period FY 2014 to FY 2015 (www.telstra.com.au, 2016). This increase is mainly attributable to enhancement of business of rendering services and sale of goods. This increase in revenue is also partially due to the revenues earned from construction contracts. Though the revenue generated from Foxtel Partnership has decreased slightly, this has been offset by the increase in revenue from property rent (Urza, 2009). Operational expenses like labour expenses, cost of purchase and other general and administrative expenses have also amplified in the current financial year. This has led to the increase of total expenses at around 5% from its previous year. Moreover, share of net profit from joint ventures and other associated entities has also declined drastically to the extent of 21%. This has caused sharp decrease in Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) from $11,135 million (2014) to $10,745 million (2015). Though interest costs have dropped significantly to the extent of 28%, reduction in Profit before Tax (PBT) could not be avoided in the current financial year. EBIT has decreased by 2% from last year (www.telstra.com.au, 2016). Profit from the continuing operation has diminished by 6% that is from $4,549 million (FY2014) to $4,286 million (FY2015). Profit from the discontinued operation has amplified considerably. In FY 2014, there was a loss of $204 million, whereas, the same for FY 2015 has been a profit of $19 million. This has contributed to the overall bottom line of the company, and total profit attributable to the shareholders of Telstra and other non-controlling entities stood at $4,305 in FY 2015 (www.telstra.com.au, 2016). This was a minor decrease from its last financial years figure of $4,345 million. The above mentioned financial performance of Telstra in FY 2015 has not impacted on the Earnings per share (EPS) of the firm. Basic EPS has remained nearly constant at 34.5 cents per share, and Diluted EPS has increased marginally 34.3 cents per share in FY 2014 to 34.5 cents per share in FY 2015 (www.telstra.com.au, 2016). The table below in Appendix 1 and 2 show the above-mentioned calculation in details. Forecasting The table in Appendix depicts the financial history of the firm for last 5 years. From the table, it is identified that the Return on Average Assets (ROA) has increased in last 5 years. In the year 2011, the same was 15.90%, whereas the same grew to 20.40% in 2014. However, the firm witnessed a fall in ROA figure in FY 2015 and the same stood at 18.90% (www.telstra.com.au, 2016). Appendix shows such trend in ROA for last 5 years. Same trend is applicable for Return on Equity (ROE) also. This is graphically portrayed in Appendix. Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) has steadily declined over the years, and the same has been 88% in FY 2015 (www.telstra.com.au, 2016). It may be inferred that the decrease in DPR is because of the fact that the company is attempting to increase its accumulated reserves for the purpose of future expansion and sustainability. Net Debt of the firm has also regularly decreased from $13,595 million in FY 2011 to $10,521 million in FY 2014, except in FY 2015 with an in crease to $13,566 million (www.telstra.com.au, 2016). Valuation The financial performance of the firm has been found to be robust for last few years (Wahlen et al. 2010). An attempt has been made to value the share prices and consequently the entire firm for FY 2015. While doing the same, Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) technique has been used. The table shown in Appendix shows the last 5 years financial performance of the business. Free Cash Flow (FCF) for last 5 years has been identified. The same has been discounted using the derived Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) (www.telstra.com.au, 2016). This gives the Present value (PV) of all free cash flow of the firm for last 5 years. On the other hand, this may be termed as the total value of the firm. By deducting the borrowings from the derived amount, value of equity may be ascertained. This exercise provides the total value of equity capital to be around $94,867 million for FY 2015 and $7.74 per share (www.telstra.com.au, 2016). Equity security analysis The income statement of Telstra states a poor equity financing state, it has dropped $44million during the year 2014-2015, constituting to 1% drop, and this state is a result of declining share of net profit from joint ventures and associated entities. According to the Blinder (2010), the price per share has dropped by 0.88% in the year 2015.Though the revenue has increased other incomes have decreased 40%.As a result of this interest of shareholders have been diminishing, further aiding to price per share drop, absence of controlling interest might hamper the security of the company. The financial cost has declined $267million, meaning, less interest payable on long or short term liabilities, on the other hand equity share holders has also declined.Comparing the equity with lowered financial cost, it can be stated equity, with time the interest of shareholders will increase in the company, bringing the companys equity health back to track (Busco, 2008). Earnings per share for continuing operation has declined by 5%.The reasons for the drop of Telstra share is introducing costly products in newly acquired market in Asia, without sufficient market survey.Other reasons are increased competition, previous dormant competitors becoming active, negative share market trend. The table in Appendix below shows the share price movement of the firm for last 4 year (FY 2011-15). In FY 2011 the price of Telstras share was around 2.5 to 3.5 cents whereas the same has risen to 6.140 as on 30th June 2015. Credit analysis The credit rating of the firm has been pretty standard. The table below in Appendix shows the credit rating provided by the agency like SP and Moody's. These ratings prove the fact that the firm has been sound enough to repay its debt obligations and hence enjoy a superior grade by the rating agencies. This has also contributed to Telstras strong reputation among the financial institutions and banks. As far as the credit risk of the business is concerned, Telstra has a profound credit policy for performing a thorough credit risk assessment and accordingly undertaking the risk mitigation processes. The Credit risk of the firm is mainly of two types namely customer credit risk and treasury credit risk. Receivable balances of the business are monitored on a constant basis and any deviations from the plan are noted and acted upon accordingly (Lendel et al. 2015). Telstras policy is to reduce significantly the level of bad debt so that the realisations are assured and risk of non payment is lessened to optimum level. Investments made by the organisation in the money markets are exposed to treasury risk and hence effort is undertaken to monitor the process and manage the risk accordingly (Kieschnick Rotenberg, 2015). The company engages Value at Risk (VaR) methodology to manage credit exposure in the market. Mergers and acquisitions The acquisition of Pacnet has enabled the firm acquiring 29 data centres along with the 109 points of presence (www.telstra.com.au, 2016). The annual report of FY 2015 indicates that new venture Telkomtelstra had also introduced a higher business opportunity for the firm. In addition, the Ooyala has helped the firm increasing the ownership, which has become 97.3% now (Lehner et al. 2015). The financial report indicates that overall merger and acquisition has improved 23.2% NAS revenue of the firm. The reported results also indicate that these acquisitions have resulted increase in the free cash flow in the FY 2015. On the contrary, it has been identified that Tesltra acquired Ooyala in the FY 2014 was not a pure acquisition, as Tesltra tried to keep Ooyala independent entity (www.ooyala.com, 2016). It has been estimated that this merger would help the firm to earn revenue at a growth rate of 20% , primarily due to the video advertisements (www.telstra.com.au, 2016). The free cash flo w adjustments related to the merger and acquisition activity have resulted potential operating results. Additionally, the acquisition with Pacnet has almost doubled the customer base of Telstra in Asian belt (telecoms.com, 2016). This acquisition has enabled Telstra to further increase the China operations through its joint venture. In this context, Lehner et al. (2015) stated that Pacnets acquisition by Telstra was done against a cash value of $5 billion. This acquisition has helped Telstra exploiting the skilled workforce of the Pacnet, thereby exploiting the opportunities to expand the business operation beyond Australia. The executive director of the Telstra announced that the firm had acquired Melbourne headquartered service provider Kloud. The main purpose of the acquisition is to enhance the growth and development of the firm for achieving the next success of the ladder regarding operating margin (Kohlbeck Warfield, 2010). According to the opinion of Liu (2011), the impact of this acquisition process is to improve the cloud-based application of the firm as the organisation had lacked in the enterprise cloud application. This initiative would build up the future capability of the firm and the firm would be able to leverage the channel partners (Edited Risberg, 2006). The Klouds value proposition has the capability to develop a cloud strategy for the customers. The entitled mobile broadband customers of the firm can enjoy the unlimited free Wi-Fi data from the Telstra Air hotspots around the Australia. In the opinion of Coate (2013), the Klouds value proposition is also helpful for the firm to select the suitable technology to transfer the workload. The financial data analysis indicates that the firm has improved its profit on sale by $561m in FY 2015 by incorporating the several merger acquisitions policies (www.telstra.com.au, 2016). Recommendation Since the market price of the share (MPS) as on 30th June 2015 is $6.14 only, and the value per share is calculated at $7.74, it may be inferred that the price of the firms share is undervalued. Hence, it is advisable to hold the shares of the firm. In future, the price of the same will rise. For prospective investors, it is recommended that they should buy the shares of Telstra for a similar reason. Conclusion The primary assertion of the study indicates that the strategic financial analysis of the firm Telstra. While conducting the study, the accounting analysis, financial analysis, valuation and the equity analysis for the firm has been illustrated by the research associate. It helps to identify the revenue margin and the other equity share of the enterprise. Furthermore, the credit analysis of the organisation has donated to Telstras strong reputation among the financial institutions and the other banks. Finally, a strategic recommendation provided by the researcher helps to improve the share values and the interest of the prospective investors. References Blinder, A.S. (2010) Time for financial reform, plan C, The Economists Voice, 7(1), pp. 132134. Busco, C. (2008) Linking governance to strategy: The role of the finance organization, Strategic Direction, 24(4), pp. 2025. Chibuzor, I.M. (2016) The effect of merger and acquisition on development of a firm A case of Migros and TansaÃ…Å ¸ merger in turkey, International Journal of management and economics Invention, 4(2), pp. 125128. Coate, M.B. (2013) Unilateral effects in merger analysis: Models, merits, and merger policy, International Journal of the Economics of Business, 20(2), pp. 145162. Edited, A.R. Risberg, A. (2006) Mergers and acquisitions: A critical reader. Edited by Annette Risberg. New York, NY: Taylor Francis. Erutku, C. (2014) Endogenous merger with learning, The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis Policy, 14(3), pp. 220225. Freddie (2014) In Ooyala, Telstra sees a partner, not just an acquisition. Available at: https://www.ooyala.com/videomind/blog/ooyala-telstra-sees-partner-not-just-acquisition (Accessed: 8 August 2016). KarpaviÄ ius, S. (2014) Dividends: Relevance, rigidity, and signaling,Journal of Corporate Finance, 25(3), pp. 289312. Kieschnick, R. Rotenberg, W. (2015) Working capital management, the credit crisis, and hedging strategies: Canadian evidence,Journal of International Financial Management Accounting, 27(2), pp. 208232. Kohlbeck, M. Warfield, T. (2010) Accounting standard attributes and accounting quality: Discussion and analysis,Research in Accounting Regulation, 22(2), pp. 5970. Lehner, O.M., Grabmann, E. Ennsgraber, C. (2015) Entrepreneurial implications of crowdfunding as alternative funding source for innovations,Venture Capital, 17(1-2), pp. 171189 Lendel, V., Soviar, J. Vodk, J. (2015) Creation of corporate cooperation strategy, Procedia Economics and Finance, 23(2), pp. 434438. Liu, B. (2011) A brief discussion on legal guarantee of industry security in foreign capital merger and acquisition, Asian Social Science, 7(2), pp. 1820. Min, B. (2015) Corporate leverage strategy in an emerging market, Global Business Finance Review, 20(2), pp. 3548. Min, B. (2015) Corporate leverage strategy in an emerging market,Global Business Finance Review, 20(2), pp. 3548. Mobile phones, prepaid phones, broadband, internet, home phones, business phones (no date) Available at: https://www.telstra.com.au (Accessed: 8 August 2016). Skinner, T. (2015) Telstra wraps up Pacnet acquisition. Available at: https://telecoms.com/416552/telstra-wraps-up-pacnet-acquisition/ (Accessed: 8 August 2016). Urza I., F. (2009) Too few dividends? Groups tunneling through chair and board compensation,Journal of Corporate Finance, 15(2), pp. 245256. Wahlen, J.M., Baginski, S.P. Bradshaw, M.T. (2010)Financial reporting, financial statement analysis and valuation: A strategic perspective (book only) - 7th edition. 7th edn. United States: South-Western Cengage Learning.

Statutory Essay Example

Statutory Essay This research paper is intended to define what statutory rape is, its difference from the common rape case and its micro and macro effects. It also aims to give an opinion regarding the enforcement of the much controversial statutory rape laws, based on facts gathered from several sources- all of which would be acknowledged. In the succeeding pages, the researcher would be presenting definitions from several reliable sources. Also, the laws which would be stated in this paper would be taken from several states in the US wherein statutory rape is in the hot seat of the legal arena. These laws further exemplify either the under-enforcement or over-enforcement of statutory rape laws which many analysts and advocacies claim.An analysis of these allegations regarding the statutory rape laws would require the researcher to present the existing laws regarding statutory rape and criticize it in an objective manner through which the researcher would get both the weak and strong points of the laws passed regarding the said crime. The existing laws in this research paper would be based on different statutory rape laws passed in the US- paying particular attention to several states in which statutory rape and the laws revolving around it are of much issue and controversy.Furthermore, since the research would be based on the laws regarding statutory rape, it would be presumed that the laws are based on the constitution of the United States at large. However, the constitutionalities of these laws are not being questioned by this paper. Only the leniency or exaggeration of putting them into life and implementing them are being analyzed and given light.In this light, this paper would raise the following thesis questions:1.  Ã‚  Ã‚   What is statutory rape and how does it differ from an ordinary rape case?2.  Ã‚  Ã‚   What is the status quo of statutory rape in the United States?3.  Ã‚  Ã‚   How doe it affect the victim, the offender and the society, as well?4.  Ã‚  Ã‚   What laws are implemented regarding this crime and are these laws effectively enforced?5.  Ã‚  Ã‚   What proposals can we suggest in order to deter these occurrences in the society?INTRODUCTIONSexual offence can be compared to a very broad spectrum of light wherein each wavelength and light intensity differs from another. At one side, the intensity is weak and light while on the opposite side, it is dark and heavy. Sexual offences greatly vary in the same manner. Identifying a certain type of sexual offence depends on several significant data and circumstances- both objective and subjective. This certain offence may come in the form of the simplest exhibitionism, incest, up to the highest degree of a rape case.However, the most controversial type of rape as of these days is statutory rape. It is a type of sexual offence which may be under different circumstances however; it is defined as a crime of committing a sexual intercourse with a minor- whose age is still below the age of consent (AOC). Statutory rape may be interchangeably used with the terms carnal knowledge of a minor, corruption of a minor or rape of a child- all of which refer to the same crime.Statutory rape is a very concerning crime especially today because it is rising at an alarming rate. In the United States alone, it was estimated that two-thirds of all pregnancy to unmarried teenage girls are fathered by adult men- that is how rampant the problem is. It has been affecting many teenagers most especially in terms of the female. Also, the laws have been mostly targeting the teenage boys, in the public perspective- which make the age-gender group quite anxious when in fact; the statutory rape laws are aimed most commonly at adult males.Also, the increase of this crime’s likelihood makes the female teenager extra-cautious because of the high occurrence of the crime. However, statutory rape is not just focused on and limited to the common rape cases which involve harassment and violenc e casted upon the victim by the sexual offender. The differences and similarities between a common rape case and a statutory rape case will be defined in the succeeding lines.In this regard, there are a growing number of advocacies and even professionals which discusses and pushes the nation into fighting for the enforcement of statutory rape laws and deterring these sexual offenders from â€Å"preying into children†[1]. However, although there are laws regarding statutory rape, there are also people who are concerned regarding both the leniency and exaggeration of law enforcers in different cases of statutory rape. Also, many view these laws as impractical and not universal which therefore makes it not applicable to all sorts of statutory rape. Since statutory rape is a very complex case, it therefore needs extreme laws which should be universal and all-encompassing.COMMON RAPE CASE VS STATUTORY RAPEBased on the ideology that a person below the age of majority is not yet cap able of giving a sexual consent, the term statutory rape came into life. Before, in the medieval ages, there was already an existing idea for statutory rape since they believe that it is illegal to commit sexual intercourse with a maiden below the age of 12. As of these days, the age of consent for most states ranges from the age 14 to 18, with the age 16 as the mode[2].Statutory rape case differs from a common rape case due to several factors. First and foremost, the age is a vital determinant between the two cases. For example, in a sexual intercourse with a female below the age of consent, the possible case would be statutory rape. However, if the sexual assault occurred involving two persons both in the age of majority, the case would be a common rape case. Also, we should   put in mind that rape case is not just limited to a sexual offense wherein the victim is a female because a male rape also happens, though not as common as those which involves females as victims.Another d ifference is that sexual coercion need not be present in statutory rape since the child is still incapable of giving consent for sex. In this way, any sexual intercourse with a minor is deemed coercive even without overt coercion. Oppositely, in the case of a common rape case, coercion and force is necessary because the victim already has the capability of acquiescence.In this certain characteristic of statutory rape, a problem regarding laws preventing it arises because there are also cases wherein the teenage girl (in most cases) discloses to the authority that she has a mutual relationship with the man and gave him consent of having sex with her. This and other problems regarding the applicability of the statutory rape laws would be discussed in the succeeding pages.EFFECTS OF STATUTORY RAPE TO THE SOCIETYFatherlessnessSince statutory rape involves a coercive sexual intercourse involving a victim below the AOC, the first problem would be the increase in the likelihood of fatherle ssness in the country. Since marriage is still an illegal act for the minor, the child would be born without a father adding to the population of children in the custody of a single mother. Teen pregnancies out of wedlock is a very significant contributing factor to this concerning phenomenon.Teenage PregnancyTeenage pregnancy comes in the way when the victim gets pregnant after the offence without the blessing of marriage. In the statistics of the United States over the last thirty years, every year, there are about a million females in the age of 15-19 who get pregnant and more than 52% of these gives birth to the child (others either abort or miscarry it) and out of this 52% of women giving birth,72% are out of wedlock[3]. With this, the occurrences of a teenage mother struggling for providing a living to the child would increase at an alarming level.Welfare DependenceThird, the government budget would allocate a higher amount for the welfare of these children and mothers out of wedlock since it is the responsibility of the state to provide them life and assure them of their well-being in many aspects. This equates to the increase of welfare dependency of the citizens since many children are being given birth with these inherent conditions. Actually, teenage pregnancy and birth out of wedlock had already been identified as major obstacle to the nation’s health and state of well being because they eat up a pretty high percent of the state’s money.PovertyTeenage pregnancy and single-parenthood is clearly correlated with poverty and it is also true the other way around. Because of the picture of a mother struggling to provide for his child, poverty would be a very possible future awaiting them. Since statutory rape victims are seldom brought into the altar by the offenders, a life wherein two persons are working for their child’s life is next to impossible.Sexual AbuseAnd lastly, the most concerning effect of statutory rape is the coercion and sexual abuse casted upon the victims most especially the teenage girls. In fact, in a study regarding the teenage mothers of Washington revealed that two-thirds of the populations were victims of sexual abuse, statutory rape, and attempted rape prior to their pregnancy[4]. More than that, experiencing this crime is very detrimental to the psychological and social well-being of the victim making them inferior and feel as outcasts of the society.STATUTORY RAPE LAWSStatutory rape laws have been the subject of many controversies in the legal arena. Many are opposing it while others support it. There are many claims regarding its enforcement as very exaggerated while others claim that the enforcement is never taken seriously by the law enforcers.â€Å"In the United States, statutory rape laws vary from one state to another†. However, all laws revolve around an astounding principle: that a person below the age of consent is incapable of giving permission to someone for having sex with him or her. The age of consent varies from each state, too. Also, statutory rape need not be forceful and coercive which therefore means that even though the victim did not resist and even gave consent, as long as he or she is below the AOC- statutory rape is the crime committed and will always be filed against the person who is older- may it be male or female[5]. (Succeeding laws taken from LaborLawTalk.com)The Federal LawAt large, the federal laws on statutory rape revolve around the act of crossing state borders in order to have a â€Å"legal sex†. Since each state has a different AOC from another, there is a big possibility that the sex offender may bring the victim to a state where the act of coitus is deemed legal. It is stated in the federal law that having sex with a person under the age of consent is still illegal though the location of the intercourse is a place where the age of the victim is already considered legal. The same penalties still apply, meaning , conviction may lead to reclusion perpetua or even death penalty.The Kansas State LawIn the succeeding lines, different laws were obtained from several states where statutory rape has been much of an issue. First off is the state of Kansas where statutory rape is considered a felony when a person commits sex with a minor under the age of 14. However, Kansas laws also offer a lesser case which is called indecent liberties with a crime which applies to a sexual contact involving a child between the ages 14 and 16. The consequences of these crimes are much lesser than former crime. This special case called â€Å"indecent liberties with a child† would really catch attention because somehow, we can see a leniency in this law because it is a crime separate with statutory rape.Although it also involves the same circumstances- that an offender committed sex with a minor below the AOC, the consequences are less grave. Therefore, we can predict than in this law, there would be a view which holds that having sex with a child aged 14-16 may be a crime but is not as serious as sex with a child below 14. Also, with the less grave penalties for the special case, sexual offenders would have more potential in having sex with this age group (14-16). Also, this law failed to see that in a statutory rape case (as defined legally); age does not matter as long as it is below the age of consent. Therefore, sex with a child 14-16 years old is just the same with sex involving a child below 14- which means that the charges should not be diminished.The New York LawStatutory rape in New York is very similar to other states. Only that the laws in New York are more complicated than other states. With the age of the victim and the offender seriously considered, the laws in New York are really strict. There are three types of statutory rape for New York: the first, second and third degree- each varying depending on the age of the offender and the victim but similar in that the crime committed is sex with a minor even without brute force or coercion.Third degree rape is committed when an offender aged 21 or older commits sex with a minor at 17 years or younger. Second degree rape is when an 18 year old offender commits sex with a fifteen year old victim. And lastly, first degree rape- the most serious degree is commission of sex involving an offender (at any age) and a victim below 11 years old, OR, if the offender is 18 years old and commits sex with a thirteen years or younger. In the definitions of statutory rape in New York, we can see the seriousness of the law and its enforcement which is quite impressive however, in the part of the punishment; we can see an exaggeration of this law.In other states, punishments are not that complicated and are justifiable, in terms of being human. Like in Massachusetts, charge and conviction of statutory rape is punished with imprisonment no less than 18 months. In New York however, when convicted of this crime, the penalt y would be imprisonment anywhere from seven to twenty-five years. Considering the case, which is statutory rape, my opinion is that the punishment is quite exaggerated and over-enforced. Statutory rape, we should all remember, is having sex even with the permission of a person below the age of consent. In most cases, even the said to be â€Å"victim† discloses that he or she is also willing to have sex, although immaterial since the case is a statutory rape. However, I believe that the aim of the punishment is not about destroying the future of the offender but more of making him realize that having sex with a child below the AOC is illegal. Even at the least length of imprisonment which is seven years, the experience is already traumatic to the offender to the extent that his or her future is already destroyed just because of giving into the consent of the â€Å"victim†. We should also take into consideration that in some cases, because of the â€Å"victim’sâ €  willingness to have sex with the â€Å"offender† there are instances that the â€Å"victim† lies about his or her age so that the â€Å"offender† would not hesitate in taking his or her offer of having sex.The California Status QuoBased on national records, California recorded the highest rate of teenage pregnancy with two-thirds of the annual 70 000 child births identified with teenage mothers who were impregnated by adults 20 years and older. The prevention of California regarding statutory rape has been very strict and aggressive due to the fact that annually, California releases an amount ranging from $5-7 billion in aiding families started by teenagers[6]. The Californian local government is really doing their best because they believe in the projected outcome of a continued upward trend of teenage pregnancy brought about mostly by statutory rape that these children out of wedlock have a high tendency not to finish school, engage in drugs, and become the next generation of teenagers getting pregnant at an early age. .Aside from Kansas and New York Statutory Rape Laws and California, there are many other states which exhibit either the leniency or exaggeration of these laws. There are many other reasons why these laws are being deemed unlawful by many. Perhaps one reason of this occurrence is that Statutory Rape cases may or may not involve force and therefore, the verdict and penalty should also be based on these circumstances. The laws will not be able to fit all situations justifiably.In fact, even in history, rape laws have been claimed as limited laws and are unable to provide efficient and just results. In an article by Colb (2004), â€Å"she made use of a definition by British Jurist Matthew Hale which states that rape is an accusation easily to be made and hard to be proved and harder to be defended by the party accused, though never so innocent.[7]SUGGESTIONS FOR DETERRING STATUTORY RAPEStatutory rape is indeed a very c oncerning phenomenon in the society not only affecting the persons involved in the commission of the crime but even the society at large. The laws enacted by different states are in such turmoil which is why everyone needs to be aware of the pros and cons of statutory rape. Moreover, we should also consider these statutory rape laws only as aids in preventing these cases, as secondary interventions which we should regard to at the end of the day. The home is still the best institution which can help avoid these societal problems.First and foremost, educating the child is the most important part of awareness. Talking to the child regarding his or her problems and difficulties not only at home but even at school and in the society is a good way of helping your child out of these kinds of mess. Since many teenagers resort to sex because of their personal problems, talking your child out is very necessary.Also, being open with the child’s life especially with her relationship wit h his or her boyfriend or girlfriend is a big help because as parents, you are the one’s who should supervise and be one with all that is happening to the child, be it small or big events. Giving them advice on things most especially on things regarding sex is a good start in preventing teenage pregnancies.PROPOSALS FOR EFFECIENCY OF LAWSSince the laws regarding statutory rape cases are being put into hot seats, it would be necessary to make these laws more efficient and create a new image of justifiability and goal-oriented.First is about creating a law which increases the penalty of the crime however being faithful to the circumstances and considering every detail of the offense. It is also important that the age between the offender and the victim be greatly emphasized and that the consent that the victim to have been given should also be nevertheless given a little consideration.Also, as stated earlier, statutory rape increases welfare dependency and cuts a lot of money f rom the government fund.   In this connection, it is also ideal to impose civil sanctions and punishments to the offender so that the victim and the child (if there is) can be given protection and resources for their treatment like psychological treatment in case trauma resulted to the incidence.Lastly, it would also be considerable to raise the age of consent to the age of 18 so that the prosecution of these cases would be easier and significant to common rape cases. Also, it would help in regaining the relationship of sex and marriage since the age 18 is the legal age of marriage in almost all countries. Re-linking sex with the context of marriage may be achieved through this, thus raising the morality of people in terms of sexual relationship with their partners.CONCLUSIONStatutory rape is indeed a very sensitive issue nowadays. It is climbing at a very concerning rate and positively, the government has provided laws which will help deter these happenings.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã ‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, although laws are being passed and implemented, their enforcement is not that reliable. Even the laws themselves are somehow incapable of ruling and fitting all cases into one.In this light, statutory rape programs by the government are already being created so that these things will be intervened primarily and would not get into the point of convicting persons and penalizing them into jail. Although the government is the primary mover of preventing these things, people should also remember their integral role in molding their children into productive members of the society.ENDNOTES:Boyer, D., Fine D. â€Å"Sexual Abuse as a Factor in Adolescent Pregnancy and Child Maltreatment,† Family Planning Perspectives, January/February 1992, 24.Colb, Sherry F. â€Å"The pros and cons of statutory rape laws: A 10 year sentence for Marcus Dwayne Dixon†. 2004. Retrieved last October 23, 2007 from http://www.cnn.com/2004/LAW/02/13/findlaw.analysis.c olb.statutory.rape/index.html.Daniels, M. and Englund, D. â€Å"Statutory Rape: When Adults Prey Sexually Upon Children.† Massachusetts Family Institute, 1997.Department of Health Services, Atlas of Births to California Teens and â€Å"Putting the Jail in Jailbait,† Time, 1/29/1996.Juvenile Rights Project of the American Civil Liberties Union, â€Å"The Strange World of Statutory Rape,† Children’s Rights Report, Vol 2, No. 6, 1978 as cited in article â€Å"Can Statutory Rape Laws Be Effective in Preventing Adolescent Pregnancy?† by Patricia Donovan, Family Planning Perspectives, Vol 29, No. 1 January/February 1997).M. Oberman, â€Å"Gender Issues and the Criminal Law: Turning Girls Into Women: Reevaluating Modern Statutory Rape Law,† Northwestern School of Law Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 85: 15-87, 1994, as cited in article â€Å"Can Statutory Rape Laws Be Effective in Preventing Adolescent Pregnancy?† by Patricia Donovan , Family Planning Perspectives, Vol 29, No. 1 January/February 1997.Rebecca Maynard ed. â€Å"Kids Having Kids: A Robin Hood Foundation Special Report on the Costs of Adolescent Childbearing,† The Robin Hood Foundation, New York, 1996, p. 1.

Improving Order-picking response time of Ankor’s warehouse

Improving Order-picking response time of Ankor’s warehouse Big pictureAnkor is a wholesaler in Leidschendam and its warehouse is facing pressure on improving order picking efficiency. Routing and storage assignment is two of the major parameters for order picking, as it is one of the most time-consuming activities and a large contributor to the operational costs in a warehouse. Besides, customers always order late, however, expect prompt delivery. Therefore, a good combination of policies for storage assignment and routing is necessary for Ankor.Specific problemThere are several factors affecting order-picking efficiency. They include operating procedures, changing product demand, equipments and the racking and layout of the warehouse. Specifically, altering the operating procedures can improve efficiency without the large capital investments in racks or equipment. Besides, travel time and order picking time depend largely on operational procedures, which routing policies and storage-assignment policies are two of those.Originally, Ankor imp lemented no specific routing policy due to the restriction of customers' order.English: A comparison of the estimated final cost ...In order to improve the efficiency, they decided to switch to a new routing policy, which is Heuristics. It cannot guarantee the best order picking route but it can quickly create a picking sequence. Also, it is flexible, easy to work with and adjust with changes, like layout and specified picking priorities.For the storage policy, Ankor used ABC classification for each of the three groups, fast moving, longest edge over 80cm and regular products, into 3 classes by frequency.In response to the request of customers, Ankor changed to store the products based on product type and frequency instead of divide them into the 3 groups. Specified storing areas are set for each product type while picking areas near the end of the routes for breakable and unbreakable products.Methodologyi) Routing PoliciesRouting heuristics is introduced in the case. This methodolo gy generates...

A Brief Overview of British Literary Periods

A Brief Overview of British Literary Periods Although historians have delineated the eras of British literature in different ways over time, common divisions are outlined below.   Old English (Anglo-Saxon) Period (450–1066) The term Anglo-Saxon comes from two Germanic tribes, the Angles and the Saxons. This period of literature dates back to their invasion (along with the Jutes) of Celtic England circa 450. The era ends in 1066, when Norman France, under William, conquered England. Much of the first half of this period, prior to the seventh century, at least, had oral literature. A lot of the prose during this time was a translation of something else or legal, medical, or religious in nature; however, some works, such as Beowulf,  and those by period poets Caedmon and Cynewulf, are important. Middle English Period (1066–1500) The Middle English period sees a huge transition in the language, culture, and lifestyle of England and results in what we can recognize today as a form of â€Å"modern† (recognizable) English. The era extends to around 1500. As with the Old English period, much of the Middle English writings were religious in nature; however, from about 1350 onward, secular literature began to rise. This period is home to the likes of Chaucer, Thomas Malory, and Robert Henryson. Notable works include Piers Plowman and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.   The Renaissance (1500–1660) Recently, critics and literary historians have begun to call this the â€Å"Early Modern† period, but here we retain the historically familiar term â€Å"Renaissance.† This period is often subdivided into four parts, including the Elizabethan Age (1558–1603), the Jacobean Age (1603–1625), the Caroline Age (1625–1649), and the Commonwealth Period (1649–1660).   The Elizabethan Age was the golden age of English drama. Some of its noteworthy figures include Christopher Marlowe, Francis Bacon, Edmund Spenser, Sir Walter Raleigh, and, of course, William Shakespeare.  The Jacobean Age is named for the reign of James I. It includes the works of John Donne, Shakespeare, Michael Drayton, John Webster, Elizabeth Cary, Ben Jonson, and Lady Mary Wroth. The King James translation of the Bible also appeared during the Jacobean Age.  The Caroline Age covers the reign of Charles I (â€Å"Carolus†). John Milton, Robert Burton, and George Herbert are some of the notable figures. Finally, the Commonwealth Age was so named for the period between the end of the English Civil War and the restoration of the Stuart monarchy. This is the time when Oliver Cromwell, a Puritan, led Parliament, who ruled the nation. At this time, public theaters were closed (for nearly two decades) to prevent public assembly and to combat moral and religious transgressions. John Milton and Thomas Hobbes’ political writings appeared and, while drama suffered, prose writers such as Thomas Fuller, Abraham Cowley, and Andrew Marvell published prolifically. The Neoclassical Period (1600–1785) The Neoclassical period is also subdivided into ages, including The Restoration (1660–1700), The Augustan Age (1700–1745), and The Age of Sensibility (1745–1785). The Restoration period sees some response to the puritanical age, especially in the theater. Restoration comedies (comedies of manner) developed during this time under the talent of playwrights such as William Congreve and John Dryden. Satire, too, became quite popular, as evidenced by the success of Samuel Butler. Other notable writers of the age include Aphra Behn, John Bunyan, and John Locke. The Augustan Age was the time of Alexander Pope and Jonathan Swift, who imitated those first Augustans and even drew parallels between themselves and the first set. Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, a poet, was prolific at this time and noted for challenging stereotypically female roles. Daniel Defoe was also popular.   The Age of Sensibility  (sometimes referred to as the Age of Johnson) was the time of Edmund Burke, Edward Gibbon, Hester Lynch Thrale, James Boswell, and, of course, Samuel Johnson. Ideas such as neoclassicism, a critical and literary mode, and the Enlightenment, a particular worldview shared by many intellectuals, were championed during this age. Novelists to explore include Henry Fielding, Samuel Richardson, Tobias Smollett, and Laurence Sterne, as well as the poets William Cowper and Thomas Percy. The Romantic Period (1785–1832) The beginning date for the Romantic period is often debated. Some claim it is 1785, immediately following the Age of Sensibility. Others say it began in 1789 with the start of the French Revolution, and still, others believe that 1798, the publication year for William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s book Lyrical Ballads, is its true beginning. The time period ends with the passage of the Reform Bill (which signaled the Victorian Era) and with the death of Sir Walter Scott. American literature has its own Romantic period, but typically when one speaks of Romanticism, one is referring to this great and diverse age of British literature, perhaps the most popular and well-known of all literary ages. This era includes the works of such juggernauts as Wordsworth, Coleridge, William Blake, Lord Byron, John Keats, Charles Lamb, Mary Wollstonecraft, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Thomas De Quincey, Jane Austen, and Mary Shelley. There is also a minor period, also quite popular (between 1786–1800), called the Gothic era.   Writers of note for this period include Matthew Lewis, Anne Radcliffe, and William Beckford. The Victorian Period (1832–1901) This period is named for the reign of Queen Victoria, who ascended to the throne in 1837,  and it lasts until her death in 1901.  It was a time of great social, religious, intellectual, and economic issues, heralded by the passage of the Reform Bill, which expanded voting rights. The period has often been divided into â€Å"Early† (1832–1848), â€Å"Mid† (1848–1870) and â€Å"Late† (1870–1901) periods or into two phases, that of the Pre-Raphaelites (1848–1860) and that of Aestheticism and Decadence (1880–1901). This period is in strong contention with the Romantic period for being the most popular, influential, and prolific period in all of English (and world) literature. Poets of this time include Robert and Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Christina Rossetti, Alfred Lord Tennyson, and Matthew Arnold, among others. Thomas Carlyle, John Ruskin, and Walter Pater were advancing the essay form at this time.  Finally, prose fiction truly found its place under the auspices of Charles Dickens, Charlotte and Emily Bronte, Elizabeth Gaskell, George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans), Anthony Trollope, Thomas Hardy, William Makepeace Thackeray, and Samuel Butler.    The Edwardian Period (1901–1914) This period is named for King Edward VII and covers the period between Victoria’s death and the outbreak of World War I. Although a short period (and a short reign for Edward VII), the era includes incredible classic novelists such as Joseph Conrad, Ford Madox Ford, Rudyard Kipling, H.G. Wells, and Henry James (who was born in America but who spent most of his writing career in England), notable poets such as Alfred Noyes and William Butler Yeats, as well as dramatists such as James Barrie, George Bernard Shaw, and John Galsworthy. The Georgian Period (1910–1936) The Georgian period usually refers to the reign of George V (1910–1936) but sometimes also includes the reigns of the four successive Georges from 1714–1830. Here, we refer to the former description as it applies chronologically and covers, for example, the Georgian poets, such as Ralph Hodgson, John Masefield, W.H. Davies, and Rupert Brooke. Georgian poetry today is typically considered to be the works of minor poets anthologized by Edward Marsh. The themes and subject matter tended to be rural or pastoral in nature, treated delicately and traditionally rather than with passion (like was found in the previous periods) or with experimentation (as would be seen in the upcoming modern period).   The Modern Period (1914–?) The modern period traditionally applies to works written after the start of World War I. Common features include bold experimentation with subject matter, style, and form, encompassing narrative, verse, and drama. W.B. Yeats’ words, â€Å"Things fall apart; the center cannot hold† are often referred to when describing the core tenet or â€Å"feeling† of modernist concerns. Some of the most notable writers of this period, among many, include the novelists James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, Aldous Huxley, D.H. Lawrence, Joseph Conrad, Dorothy Richardson, Graham Greene, E.M. Forster, and Doris Lessing; the poets W.B. Yeats, T.S. Eliot, W.H. Auden, Seamus Heaney, Wilfred Owens, Dylan Thomas, and Robert Graves; and the dramatists Tom Stoppard, George Bernard Shaw, Samuel Beckett, Frank McGuinness, Harold Pinter, and Caryl Churchill. New Criticism also appeared at this time, led by the likes of Woolf, Eliot, William Empson, and others, which reinvigorated literary criticism in general. It is difficult to say whether modernism has ended, though we know that postmodernism has developed after and from it; for now, the genre remains ongoing. The Postmodern Period (1945–?) The postmodern period begins about the time that World War II ended. Many believe it is a direct response to modernism. Some say the period ended about 1990, but it is likely too soon to declare this period closed.  Poststructuralist literary theory and criticism developed during this time. Some notable writers of the period include Samuel Beckett, Joseph Heller, Anthony Burgess, John Fowles, Penelope M. Lively, and Iain Banks. Many postmodern authors wrote during the modern period as well.

Online learning vs. traditional in class learning Essay

Online learning vs. traditional in class learning - Essay Example tudents the needed skills and knowledge for a good career or better future, the methods are different in such a way that they adopt different teaching styles. With online learning, you don’t have a physical classroom. Your classroom is in cyberspace, in forums and in chats. Your classroom is the website and your account where you can download all the lessons and the exams that your teacher gives you. Sometimes, you don’t even know what your teacher looks like. Although yearly, there are upgrades in online learning as the technology improves website interaction, through web-based videos and streaming, there are also improvements on the methods used by the online educators (Rudestam). When compared with the traditional classroom learning, having a classroom in cyberspace looks more appealing, especially when the student does not need to spend a dime travelling from his home to his school. With a click of a button, you are transferred from one classroom to another unlike in the traditional classroom setting where you would need to walk from classroom to classroom or even building to building, which can be a reason for tardiness . In online learning, there is no excuse to be late in class. Online learning has a more personalized approach compared to the traditional classroom learning (Rudestam; Joyes). Although both learning methods group students together within a class, online learning has the tendency to be more personalized. Online educators would have the opportunity to do one on one session with their students more than a traditional professor would have. Because of the many tasks and the number of students they are handling, traditional classroom educators have the tendency to teach in route, or based on the yearly lesson plan they have to the entire class. Although online learning also has the same tendency when the lessons are not customized but are given with predetermined mode and route (Pan & Hawryszkiewzyc). Since online educators have the capability

Explain which inventory systems should be used in each situation Assignment

Explain which inventory systems should be used in each situation - Assignment Example a. For the purposes of supplying my kitchen with fresh food, I would consider the fixed-time period model for my inventory system. This is because fresh food should be of constant supply in my kitchen and ready to use at any given time, hence I would order at certain intervals of time for example every weekend. It is also more convenient due to the different types of fresh food involved. b. Obtaining a daily news paper is definitely more of a one-time purchase, thus i would apply the single-period model for my daily newspaper. This is because I would either receive the evening news paper once in a day or the morning news paper once in a day depending with my preference. c. For the purposes of buying gas for my car i would prefer the fixed-order quantity model since I would like to maintain a given quantity of gas in my car at any given time. This quantity of gas is only eligible for refill when my car almost runs out of the quantity I purchased earlier so as to reduce my level of stocking out. The item in my list with the highest stock out cost is buying gas for my car. This is because I would only want to maintain gas quantity in my car to a certain level with a given quantity so that i would monitor it to a level that the stock out risk is great enough for me to order a

The Taming Of The Shrew Essay Example for Free

The Taming Of The Shrew Essay In Petruchios attempt to woo Katherina he uses alot of flattery, and appears to have a laid-back attitude towards the verbal dispute that arises in the first meeting. He is made to feel unwelcome from the moment Katherina is present, but he is confident that he will change her view towards him and accept him as her husband-to-be. The word movable is used as an insult by Katherina, but Petruchio deliberately misunderstands what she is trying to say and makes a witty pun from this. Towards the end of this act Petruchio begins to grow tired of Katherinas lack of co-operation towards the matter of marriage. In a last desperate act before Baptista , Tranio and Gremio return, he loses his charming image and appears as very forward and aggressive towards Katherina. This emphasizes his short temper and antagonistic nature. After an eventful and chaotic wedding, Katherina is deeply hurt inside, but her anger shows on the outside. This is worsened when Petruchio wants to lave for hom and doesnt attend his own wedding feast. This shows Petruchios leadership in the relationship at such an early stage. Katherina is understandably furious isnt ready to deal with Petruchios strange behaviour and tells him he can leave but she will not be going with him. This is an attempt by Katherina to gain some leadership in the relationship because she is only used to getting her own way and doesnt like how she is being treated.

The Good Ole Days When Barbers were also Surgeons :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

The Good Ole Days When Barbers were also Surgeons The word barber is derived from the Latin word barba, meaning beard.2 As a profession, barbering was introduced in Rome in 296 B.C. The barbers of the early days were also surgeons and dentists, and in both Egypt and Greece, barbers attained prosperity and respect. Statesmen, poets, and philosophers who came to have their hair cut or their beards trimmed frequented the shops. They also came to discuss the news of the day because the barbershops of the ancient world were the headquarters of social, political, and sporting news. Barbers also performed other services, having been enlisted in later years to assist the clergy in their medicinal practice of blood letting. At the Council of Tours in 1163, the clergy were forbidden to draw blood or to act as physicians or surgeons. Barbers then took up these duties, partly because they were the natural successors of the clergy, but also because physicians of that time disdained surgery. The origin of the barber's pole appears to be associated with this service of bloodletting. The original pole has at its top a brass basin that represents both the vessel in which leeches were kept and the basin that received the blood. The pole itself represents the staff that the patient held onto during the operation. The red and white stripes symbolize the bandages used during the procedure: red for the bandages stained with blood during the operation and white for the clean bandages. After washing, the bandages were hung out to dry on the pole, blowing and twisting together to form the spiral pattern seen on the modern day barber pole. The bloodstained bandages became recognized as the emblem of the barber-surgeon profession. Later, the emblem was replaced by a wooden pole of white and red stripes. These colors are recognized as the true colors of the barber emblem. Red, white, and blue typically are displayed in America, partly due to the fact that the national flag has these colors. Another interpretation of these barber pole colors is that the red represents arterial blood, the blue is symbolic of venous blood, and the white depicts the bandage. After the formation of the United Barber Surgeons Company in England, a statute required barbers to use a blue and white pole and surgeons to use a red pole. The connection between barbery and surgery continued for more than six centuries, and the barber profession reached its pinnacle during this time.

Reaction Paper Leadership Essay

Leaders are made and not born. Leadership skills can be thought to anyone who is willing and given an opportunity to lead an organization. It is important have someone to continue the goals of a company. There are some qualities a great leader should have: Be strong when you are week – This is very important for developing a leader. You need to give them the opportunity to grow strong and they will learn from their own experience in leadership especially when a leader is weak, he has no choice but to become strong. Be brave when you are scared – Risks are very essential in business. You need to be brave to take risks. In developing a leader, it might be risky because they might fail their tasks but learning takes time and someone needs to experience failure in order to succeed. Be humble when you are victorious – Executive leaders don’t shout their success, instead they remain humble and silent. The more you show your achievements, the more people will env y you and will try to destroy you. A few days ago, I had this opportunity to attend a gathering with successful salesman. We played dice game and everyone is aiming for the first price. Theirs this one man beside me, he said that he didn’t want to get the first price because he didn’t want too much greedy, any price will do. I knew this guy as a successful man but he dress and live very simple. The moral lesson I learned is that you don’t need to be greedy and live elegant in life, you just need to stay humble. As a leader, you need to stay humble to your employees. The business world is very crucial place and having too much pride and envy will not earn you anything. Sometimes when the company has too much greediness, they will became impromptu in investing without thinking further and this might became the cause of their downfall. Look at the mirror and not on the window – a great leader don’t need to hear negative feedbacks form others, they look at their self and improve. Other people might tell you that you can’t achieve anything in life or other people will judge you. The important is that you know yourself that you can reach you goals and if ever they judge your capabilities, prove it to them that their wrong. You can’t  explain to everyone that why they shouldn’t judge you, instead make this as your motivation to change other’s belief on you. A great leader is honest of what he/she is capable of. You don’t need to pretend of what you have and promise to a person, you will just break people’s trust on you. Trust is your most important assent – Great companies expands and continually growing because of the people who trust them. They use this trust to get investors and stock holders. They trust this companies that they will became successful someday. Leaders need to gain trust from their employees. If your employee’s don’t trust you, they will not follow your advice and your commands.

Leadership skills in student-athletes

Leadership Skills in Student-AthletesIntroductionHarmonizing to TimTebowFans.org ( 2007 ) , Tim Tebow is one of the state ‘s top-rated signal callers who is playing in his concluding twelvemonth at the University of Florida. Born in the Philippines to parents who served as Christian missionaries during the summer months, Tebow was the merchandise of a profoundly spiritual homeschool environment. When the Tebow household lived in the United States they made their place in Florida and continued to homeschool their kids. At the clip Tim was of high school age, the province of Florida passed statute law which enabled homeschooled kids to take part in high school interschool sports at their territory school of abode. Tim took advantage of the jurisprudence and played line backer and tight terminal for Trinity Christian in Jacksonville for one twelvemonth. Since Trinity Christian did non go through the ball much, and Tebow wanted to play signal caller, both he and his female parent m oved to an flat in another town. This made Tim eligible to play at the high school of his pick. It was at Nease High School in St. Johns County, Florida that Tebow made a name for himself. As a senior, the 6'3 † , 225 pound signal caller led Nease High School to the province football title. In his term of office at Nease High School, Tebow earned multiple awards including being named to the Florida All-State Team and Parade ‘s All-American Team. In his high school calling, Tebow finished with 9,800 passing paces, 3,186 rushing paces, 95 passing touchdowns, and 62 rushing touchdowns. He was besides the characteristic participant in the nationally televised U.S. Army All-American Bowl Game. Tebow, one of the top high school chances in the state, was extremely recruited by many successful and high profile colleges and universities. He was really near to subscribing with the University of Alabama, but, in the terminal Tebow signed with the University of Florida because he preferred their manner of discourtesy ( TimTebowFans.org, 2007 ) . While playing at the University of Florida, Tebow played really good, rapidly going one of the state ‘s premier signal callers. Harmonizing to University Athletic Association ( 2009 ) , Tebow ‘s collegiate awards while playing football are esteemed and legion and include winning the Heisman Trophy, the Sullivan Award, the Davey O'Brien Award, and the Maxwell Award. In 2007, Tebow was named an All-American, the first sophomore in Florida Gator history to make so. Besides in 2007, Tebow as the first University of Florida participant to be named to the first-team Academic All-American Team in over a decennary. Finally, Tebow was the 2nd participant in the history of collegiate football to reiterate as Maxwell Award victor, winning it in 2007 and 2008. On the playing field, Tebow is the lone participant in NCAA history to hotfoot and go through for at least 20 touchdowns in a season. Tebow has thrown for over 8,500 paces and 85 touchdowns in his collegiate calling, while hold ing besides gained over 2,850 paces on the land with 56 hotfooting touchdowns, both school records by a Florida signal caller. Tebow is besides the lone signal caller in school history to hold rushed for 100 paces in five games ( South Carolina 2007, Ole Miss 2007, Oklahoma, 2008, Kentucky 2009, Florida International 2009 ) ( ESPN, com, 2009 ; Comcast.com Sports, 2009 ) .Leadership SkillsAs signal caller for one of the top graded squads in college football, Tebow has displayed leading accomplishments 2nd to none. What is it that makes Tim Tebow a successful leader in the locale of major college football? What differentiates Tim Tebow from the many other highly-skilled signal callers viing in the National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA ) ? Is it his difficult work or his ability to both run and pass the ball? Is it his actuating words and actions or his enormous passion for the game? These are all qualities that can be found in many successful jocks at the collegiate degree. What does separate Tim Tebow from all the other highly-skilled jocks in NCAA college football are the values he espouses and his enormous leading accomplishments. The most notable qualities that Tim Tebow shows are his love of truth and his devotedness to God. Everything in Tim Tebow ‘s life is a contemplation of his strong religion and on-going trust in God. Harmonizing to White ( 2009 ) , a good leader shows seven specific qualities including an model character, an on-going committedness to excellence, assurance, seeing the whole image and the parts that make it map right, enthusiasm about one ‘s work and the specific function that is played, order and intent in hard times, and a cool demeanour The first quality of a good leader is the presentation of an model character ( White, 2009 ) . This demands the leader lead a life a virtuousness, being trusty, honest, and exposing unity in all aspects of life. The good leader earns the right to the function of duty by â€Å" walking the talk † ( White, parity. 4 ) . Dirocco ( 2009 ) provinces: What Tebow has done off from football in his four seasons at Florida, nevertheless, is merely every bit important. His mission and charity work, his Christian religion, his work with kids and his ability to briefly touch a life yet leave a permanent impact besides are a bequest that Tebow cherishes more – and one that will last beyond touchdowns and triumphs. ( parity. 6 ) Tom Rogeberg, the executive frailty president for communications and selling for the Fellowship of Christian Athletes notes the followers: about Tebow: In the annals of Doak Walker and other great college football participants, Heisman-winning participants, he stands out as holding made his grade on the field, but off the field he continues to impact people. . . He ‘s accessible by anyone: other jocks, immature kids, aged grandparents, non-sports figures. He merely gives them a great trade of attending [ and ] his clip. What he has done with captives and what he has done with orphans and the infirmary visits he makes, it is difficult to conceive of that anyone is like that. . . He ‘s an model function theoretical account. ( as cited in Dirocco, 2009, parity. 7-8 ) Tebow ‘s male parent Bob is a devout Christian who runs his ain evangelistic association. Tim joins his male parent each summer as they travel to the Philippines distributing the Gospel and working in an orphanhood. While at that place, Tebow preaches, Teachs, helps give medical attention, and helps with the necessary day-to-day jobs. When in the United States, Tebow actively speaks at prisons, schools, churches, and young person groups. Tebow does non force faith at people. His primary end is to witness to others what God has done for him, and them hopefully it will animate others to make the same. Tebow says: How you are traveling to act upon person is they see something in you that is different or seems particular. . . They see something in you that they think, â€Å" Wow, that ‘s truly cool. I ‘m traveling to look into that, † or possibly, â€Å" He ‘s nice about this. He goes about this a different manner, † and so they ‘ll look into it. But it ‘s non because I ‘m coercing anything upon anyone. I try to do [ religion ] a portion of my life, merely like it is. And I will ne'er deny or coerce it. But I will ever hold it as a portion of my life. . . I hope that people can see it impact my life and how I am so passionate about it, and that ‘s the biggest consequence I hope that people see. ( as cited in Dirocco, 2009, parity. 12-13 ) Tim Tebow walks the talk as evidenced by his admittance at the SEC media event last July that he patterns abstention and is salvaging himself for matrimony. Rogeberg remarks on Tebow ‘s wanting to stay pure: I hope it makes him a function theoretical account. . . If person with that chance for celebrity and so extremely recognized wants to maintain himself pure, so [ he hopes people will inquire ] , â€Å" Is that non something that I should pattern, every bit good as his other properties, his work ethic, his fight, his desire to win, and to care for his organic structure the manner he has? † That ‘s portion of what he ‘s making by staying pure. ( as cited in Dirocco, 2009, parity. 21-22 ) Tebow has a particular topographic point in his bosom for childs who are enduring from unwellness. Though unpublicized, he frequently takes clip to see with ill childs on his ain or with the Goodwill Gators organisation at the university. He is besides involved with the Make-A-Wish Foundation. Tebow notes: Bing with childs, being with ill childs, doing them smile, I think those [ memories ] will likely be even more particular to me than some of the games and some of the wins and the titles and what non. . . Because you know what? At the terminal of the twenty-four hours, that is more particular, being able to utilize football as a platform to do a child smiling, to do a child ‘s twenty-four hours. . . That child, that ‘s his life. It ‘s his chance or his Make-A-Wish to see me or to speak to me before a game. That ‘s a batch more particular than even winning a game. When you put all the flashiness and glamour aside, that ‘s what ‘s truly particular. ( as cited in Dirocco, 2009, parity. 24-25 ) Leaderships inspire others to acquire involved, and this is precisely what Tim Tebow has done for those around him. In fact, both participants and managers likewise have responded to Tebow ‘s charitable Acts of the Apostless by making charitable Acts of the Apostless themselves. Florida caput manager Urban Meyer, his married woman, and their three kids traveled to the Dominican Republic in July 2008 with a mission group and helped feed 100 households each twenty-four hours. Their trip besides entailed visits to an all-girls orphanhood and a leper settlement ( Dirocca, 2009, parity. 26 ) . The common denominator is that Tim Tebow is a adult male of great character and religion. It is this strong character and religion that have propelled him to be a leader who is non afraid to learn and prophesy what is good and true on the football field and to use that goodness and truth to life. White ( 2009 ) states the 2nd quality of a good leader is holding an on-going committedness to excellence. This signifies that the individual strives to be the best that he or she can perchance be in all fortunes. It is obvious that Tim Tebow is first-class at what he does both on and off the playing field. His off the field engagement in charitable causes speaks for itself. His accomplishment awards for being an first-class student-athlete along with demonstrating that he is one of the top participants in college football besides speaks volumes for Tebow ‘s committedness to excellence. Harmonizing to White ( 2009 ) , the 3rd quality of a good leader is assurance. Assurance is a powerful property because assurance strains more assurance. Assurance helps actuate and pull out the best in people. After the Gators lost a close game to Ole Miss last season, Tebow displayed great assurance and inspiration during his â€Å" The Promise † address at the postgame interview. Tebow foremost apologized to all the Florida fans for the loss and so confidently stated: I merely want to state one thing. . . to the fans and everybody in Gator Nation, um [ intermission ] you know what [ intermission ] , I ‘m regretful. I ‘m highly regretful. We were trusting for an undefeated season. That was my end, something Florida ‘s ne'er done here. But I promise you one thing: A batch of good will come out of this. You have ne'er seen any participant in the full state drama every bit difficult as I will play the remainder of this season, and you ‘ll ne'er see person force the remainder of the squad every bit difficult as I will force everybody the remainder of this season, and you ‘ll ne'er see a squad drama harder than we will the remainder of this season. God bless. ( as cited in Dirocco, 2009, parity. 33-34 ) A 4th quality of a good leader is being able to see the whole image and the specific parts that make it map right ( White, 2009 ) . It is like reading a roadmap, observing all the halting points along the manner to the concluding finish. Tim Tebow sees the large image as evidenced by his committedness to others, his instruction, and his football calling. So many student-athletes live merely from game to game, infinitely prosecuting celebrity and pleasance merely to hold small or nil when their athletic calling all said and done. Tebow is puting in his present and future by traveling about his life in a manner that is fixing him good for household and calling. White ( 2009 ) asserts the 5th quality of a good leader is enthusiasm about work and enthusiasm for one ‘s function played in the work environment. Enthusiasm is contagious. The leader who exhibits reliable enthusiasm will actuate and animate, taking to positive action toward a common end. A good leader besides holds a vision, a vision that can be explained, shared, and enthusiastically sold so that all involved are in integrity and harmoniousness. Once once more, Tebow ‘s enthusiasm and passion can be readily observed in both the populace and private sectors. His passion for life is evidenced by his love for God and others, along with his pursuit for flawlessness on the playing field. Harmonizing to Beard ( 2006 ) : On the field, Tebow runs the gamut from fiery to positive encourager depending on the state of affairs. He ‘s non afraid to acquire in the face of a teammate but if he admonishes a teammate for a error it is ever followed by words of encouragement and a smack on the shoulder. ( p. 8 ) A 6th quality of a good leader is being able to demo order and intent in hard times ( White, 2009 ) . This is the clip for those who follow to be shown reassurance and security through a leader ‘s confident and positive demeanour. Tim Tebow has non seen excessively many hard times on the playing field, but when he does endure licking he can turn the circumstance into an chance to better and go even better. His address after the Old Miss loss is proof of this. The concluding quality of a good leader is exposing a unagitated demeanour in the face of challenges that arise ( White, 2009 ) . Tim Tebow is noted for his cool temperament, particularly during ambitious fortunes. He sees the potency in state of affairss where others lose hope. He understands that challenges will come and travel, and that he must remain true to the values he espouses until the game is over. When playing in the US Army High School All American game, Tebow stood above the remainder in exposing a superior quality of leading. â€Å" What made that so astonishing was the quiet and unnoticeable manner that he took bid. There was nil objectionable about it. It was natural and his teammates automatically followed without reserve † ( Beard, 2006, parity. 4 ) .DecisionTim Tebow embraces the challenge of being a leader. In Beard ( 2006 ) , Tebow states the followers: My parents ever told me that I had a pick. I can either be a follower or I can be a leader. I ‘ve ever been encouraged to be a leader but most of it comes of course. I think it ‘s a God-given ability and I ‘m truly grateful for it. ( parity. 5 ) Tim ‘s male parent Bob Tebow maintains that Tim has ever had leading qualities. In fact, â€Å" Ever since he was a small cat, childs have merely gravitated to him. Wherever he is, childs merely follow him † ( as cited in Beard, 2006, parity. 7 ) . Carl Johnson, violative lineman for the Florida Gators says â€Å" We ‘ll follow Tim anyplace. He ‘s a great leader, a great individual and a great signal caller † ( as cited in Beard, 2006, parity. 12 ) . Tim Tebow is a leader who lives a life of virtuousness based on values such as difficult work, answerability, strong belief, excellence, religion, goodness, honestness, regard, and teamwork. This, along with his love for God and hunt for truth, needs to be promoted and encouraged, particularly during times when the shallow chase of prestigiousness, power, and money has been made the precedence in the lives of so many. Harmonizing to University Athletic Association ( 2003 ) , the Mission Statement for the University of Florida Athletic Department is as follows: The University Athletic Association, Inc. exists to progress the University of Florida ‘s instruction, research and service missions. Through the instruction and the publicity of the wellness and public assistance of pupils, the University Athletic Association seeks to associate experiences of all backgrounds, races, beginnings, genders, and civilizations to fix coevalss of pupils and staff, including adult females and minorities, to be productive members of society. The character of the sports plans at the University Athletic Association reflects the character of the University of Florida as a major, public, comprehensive establishment of higher acquisition. The University Athletic Association is dedicated to the rational, physical and personal development of student-athletes, every bit good as staff, including adult females and minorities. Showing leading in all determinations impacting college sports, the University Athletic Association will move in an ethical and honest mod e, will advance an environment furthering the professional and personal accomplishment of managers, decision makers and staff, will achieve excellence in athletic public presentation, sportsmanship, fiscal strength, and superior fan satisfaction. This vision in sports is at the nucleus of our duty to the University, to our pupils, and to the populace at big. ( para. 1-2 ) Student-athletes such as Tim Tebow are a perfect tantrum for the mission of the University of Florida Athletic Program. His portraiture of excellence in faculty members and sports, and his societal outreach to assist those who are less fortunate is a theoretical account for all student-athletes to emulate. His quiet but strong leading accomplishments combined with personal qualities of honestness and good moralss makes Tim Tebow an outstanding student-athlete. It is the end of all collegial athletic plans to happen and enroll student-athletes such as Tim Tebow who display sound character and lead by word and illustration. When student-athlete recruits fall short and do non exhibit moralss and leading, they non merely ache themselves, they hurt the athletic section and the university as a whole.

Personal Statement for Chemical Engineering Essays

Personal Statement for Chemical Engineering Essays Personal Statement for Chemical Engineering Paper Personal Statement for Chemical Engineering Paper The world hasnt been connected ever so strongly before than today as the planet earth has turned out to be a global village and people are trying their best to go beyond and further. I want to be a part of this ever growing world and think the best way to discover more of It is through applying our knowledge Into more of Industrial process . My ambition to become an chemical engineer grew right from my childhood as all I heard about was new Industries being developed -My Interest In his field was further enhanced by my ability to combine chemistry and mathematics to solve many different applications whether it is simple calculation or major and complex practical projects in the laboratory. I have also researched a lot about this field and was impressed by the very basics such as how many tests a product goes through in a laboratory. I have been an excellent student during my schooling career as my grades in reflect that. Apart from this, my Interest in sports and extra-curricular activities form the base of my all round abilities. I was also a member of the school prosecutorial board, which constitutes of the elite students of the school, as I was elected to be the house captain of one of the four houses In my school. Honored by the prestigious position given to me, I led my house as an example to win many Inter- house events such as basketball, football and cricket. This surely proves my ground breaking leadership excellence. Moreover I was selected in the inter-school football am to represent my school and won many trophies. I have also been actively involved in many social events such as cries never heard which was organized red crescent to raise money for the people of Bosnia and Palestine. My participation in various quiz competitions and debates not only improved my public speaking aptitude but also helped me develop sound knowledge in various other fields. Last year I had to take a gap year because of some personal circumstances and I was supposed how much difference It made In me. I took an Annihilate to travel around the country I am reselling In and came to know more about the many different aspects of the culture and language dialects that I thought never existed before-This not only enhanced my already good communication skills as I met many different people of different age backgrounds. Moreover I got a major boost in my confidence and teamwork skills as I did a part time Job in outdoor surveying. Teaching was another activity that I did during the year and it made me a more mature student in terms of honking out of the box and researching more about my subjects. I also spent time stretching my sporting abilities through swimming, football, table tennis, tennis and many other outdoor activities which for sure kept my mind and my body healthy and strong throughout the year. With the above mentioned qualities I hope my application will be successful, as I know I have the potential to do well at higher education. I am sure that your university will help me able to nurture my talents and fulfill my future ambitions to reach ten next level In chemical engineering

Conventions of Editing House Style

Conventions of Editing House Style The expression house style refers to the specific usage and editing conventions followed by writers and editors to ensure stylistic consistency in a particular publication or series of publications (newspapers, magazines, journals, websites, books). House-style guides (also known as style sheets or stylebooks) typically provide rules on such matters as abbreviations, capital letters, numbers, date formats, citations, spelling, and terms of address. According to  Wynford Hicks and Tim Holmes, An individual publications  house style is  increasingly seen as an important part of its image and as a marketable commodity in its own right (Subediting for Journalists, 2002). Examples and Observations House style is not a reference to the canard that an entire magazine can be made to sound as if it were written by one writer. House style is a mechanical application of things like spelling and italics. (John McPhee, The Writing Life: Draft No. 4. The New Yorker, April 29, 2013) The Argument for Consistency House style is the way a publication chooses to publish in matters of detail- single quotes or double, use of capitals and lower case, when to use italics, and so on. Putting a piece of copy into house style is the straightforward process of making it fit in with the rest of the publication. The main purpose is consistency rather than correctness... The argument for consistency is  very simple. Variation that has no purpose is distracting. By keeping a consistent style in matters of detail a publication encourages readers to concentrate on what its writers are saying (Wynford Hicks and Tim Holmes,  Subediting for Journalists. Routledge, 2002) Guardian Style [A]t the Guardian . . . , we, like just about every media organisation in the world, have a house style guide... Yes, part of it is about consistency, trying to maintain the standards of good English that our readers expect, and correcting former editors who write such things as This argument, says a middle-aged lady in a business suit called Marion . . .. But, more than anything, the Guardian style guide is about using language that maintains and upholds our values . . .. (David Marsh, Mind Your Language. The Guardian [UK], August 31, 2009) The New York Times Manual of Style and Usage We recently revised two longstanding rules in The New York Times Manual of Style and Usage, the newsroom’s style guide... They were very minor changes, involving simple matters of capitalization and spelling. But the old rules, in different ways, had long annoyed some Times readers. And the issues illustrate the competing arguments of preference, tradition and consistency behind many style rules. . . . We continue to favor clarity and consistency over a hodgepodge of idiosyncratic preferences. We prefer established usage over change for change’s sake. And we put the needs of the general reader over the desires of any particular group.. Consistency is a virtue. But stubbornness isn’t, and we’re willing to consider revisions when a good case can be made. (Philip B. Corbett, When Every Letter Counts. The New York Times, February  18, 2009) A Set of Local Fetishes For most magazines, house style is just an arbitrary set of local fetishes that matter to no one but those insiders petty enough to care. (Thomas Sowell, Some Thoughts About Writing. Hoover Press, 2001)

Continence Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Continence Education - Essay Example Introduction Globalization and information technologies have rendered many skills obsolete and as a result, workers in today's global economy must acquire new forms of "literacies." Many organizations are finding that their employees lack the basic skills needed to successfully perform their job responsibilities. Lack of cognitive and reading ability levels of these employees can impede performance and learning in the work environment. The job environment can also be threatening to employees who have not received formal or basic education for some length of time. The increased amounts of information generated by the process of globalization in education, politics, and society have produced a greater requirement for the need of knowledge and major emphasis of the development of the individual competencies to meet these needs. It should be asked, what kind of knowledge should be the basis for developing these competencies Compulsory education in England currently ends at 16 years of age (Spielhofer et. al., 2007). Due to leaving schools at an early age and without enough education, these young school leavers face hardship at the workplace. This is an alarming situation and the importance to improve knowledge and working skills have been realized and debated frequently (Jones et. al., 2004). Due to this reason, new education policies are implemented in order that young people should continue their education and training beyond that date. However, in spite of all the efforts to engage young people in education, there is very likelihood that young people would leave school at 16 and seek jobs without training (JWT) as well as not in employment, education or training (NEET). In this context, the...It should be asked, what kind of knowledge should be the basis for developing these competencies Compulsory education in England currently ends at 16 years of age (Spielhofer et. al., 2007). Due to leaving schools at an early age and without enough education, these young school leavers face hardship at the workplace. This is an alarming situation and the importance to improve knowledge and working skills have been realized and debated frequently (Jones et. al., 2004). Due to this reason, new education policies are implemented in order that young people should continue their education and training beyond that date. However, in spite of all the efforts to engage young people in education, there is very likelihood that young people would leave school at 16 and seek jobs without training (JWT) as well as not in employment, education or training (NEET). In this context, the government launched a Green Paper called Raising Expectations in March 2007 (DfES, 2007c). This paper proposes that, from 2015, all young people should be required to participate in some form of education or trai ning until they reach the age of 18 (Spielhofer et. al., 2007).